![]() However, distribution substations are generally less automated than transmission substations.ĭistribution networks usually have a radial topology, referred to as a “star network,” with only one power flow path between the distribution substation and a particular load. Like transmission substations, distribution substations also have circuit breakers and monitoring equipment. Distribution substations have transformers to step voltage down to the primary distribution level (typically in the 4–35 kV range in the United States). ![]() The connection between distribution networks and transmission or subtransmission occurs at distribution substations. Typically, lines up to 35 kV are considered part of the distribution network. Lower voltages are used in distribution networks, as lower voltages require less clearance. Distribution networks are distinguished from transmission networks by their voltage level and topology. ![]() Power is carried in distribution networks through wires either on poles or, in many urban areas, underground. Papalexopoulos, in Climate Vulnerability, 2013 B.3 Distributionĭistribution networks carry power the last few miles from transmission or sub-transmission to consumers. ![]()
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